An egg grizzlees, not a big egg, a microscopic egg that lets undo the quick study that provide witness its room by dint of a big lake in Africa into a snail. The fine bloodsucker grows and sticks strong and resistant, leaving the snail and searching a human proboscis before its 48 hours lifetime has elapsed. The parasite is so small it enters the eubstance done the skin and begins to grow. Worms start inside(a) the body within a couple of weeks, put egg to expand the parasite and to get a opalescent at killing a defenseless person who nearly likely cant unfold to pay the correct treatment. This is bilharzia and it is the cause of a long unworthy and agonizing death.
Genus species         schistosomiasis can also be called bilharzia sis, a epenthetic disease that not only leads to a bad health, simply could leveltually lead to death if untreated. There be tail fin types of flat plant louses, which are the most common in humans, which include genus Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma intercalatum, Schistosoma japonicum, Schistosoma mekongi, and Schistosoma haematobium scattered through countries in Africa, the Caribbean, the Eastern Mediterranean, South America, and Asia; especially the underdeveloped countries of these areas. The parasite could lead to bladder cancer or kidney conundrums, exsertr and short temper problems, or a open pain curable with dear(predicate) medicine.
Mode of transmission Schistosomiasis is only communicable through water. The cycle begins when an infected persons urine or fecal dull come in contact with a large body of water. Here, the egg hatches and the parasite travels into a hard shell snail, pose where it reproduces and is set free to find a new home. The parasites make believe 48 hours to find a suitable body; in otherwise words, a human body. The parasite enters the body by overtaking through the skin and into the bloodstream. Here it grows into a wind that lays between 200 and 2000 eggs for five years approximately. The manlike worm is much bigger than the female. A male and a female pair together and forever when actually unsalted inside of the human and dedicate their lives to lay eggs, these worms lays the eggs that indeed go to the urinary track and are let loose when the person urinates. Then the process starts again, as the eggs hatch a find a snail.
Diagnosis         In holy order to diagnose the disease correctly it is necessary to wait sixsome to eight weeks afterwards exposure and then take some(prenominal) a urine and a blood test that leave examine in order to find either eggs or traces of the actual worm. The diagnosis procedure is sort of simple and effective. It is also necessary when traveling to other countries and being in contact with water. The diagnosis is cheap and available with almost whatsoever doctor.
Pathogenesis         The symptoms of Schistosomiasis begin one or two months after the infection. The host bequeath develop a rash or itchy skin. He will also have fever, chills, cough, and muscle-builder aches: however, most people dont experience anything in this stage of the disease. If the disease isnt treated it causes deformity and could even lead to death. The symptoms of the diseases arent caused by the actual worm, rather by the eggs that the worm produc es and its reaction to the body. The eggs are found in the intestine and bladder; yet, they can be found in the conceiver very rarely or even in the spinal anaesthesia cord. If found in the brain or the spinal cord, they can cause seizures, paralysis, or spinal cord inflammation. If the host plays from various attacks in a fewer years, then the body damages the intestines, the lungs, and the bladder. The organisms can only live for 48 hours in the water after growing inside a snail and cannot reenter another snail, they must find a suitable human body. Right after hatching, the miracidia (Larvae form) must find a snail very quickly or it will die (less than 4 hours); however, it is very easy to find both(prenominal) the snail and the human body in the rivers and lakes of Africa, Asia and Brazil. The human body offers close to no resistance to the microorganism, especially once it has become the actual worm. There are cures, but they are very expensive, yet simple.
Treatments         Praziquantel is the medicine used to treat Schistosomiasis. The treatment is quite simple and the worm dies in between 24 and 48 hours of the initial treatment. Yet the medicine is very expensive and governments cannot afford to give the medication to the people who live in these trine world countries.
The medicine causes the worms muscles to contract and die of lack of apparent movement and Pain. The treatment is very uncomfortable since the host will suffer from intense ache; yet it is better than suffering the horrible long death caused by this organism. The dosages are as follows.
Parasites         loony toons Schistosoma haematobium         20 §·/§¸¡¿ 2 for 1 day S. mansoni         40 §·/§¸¡¿ 1 for 1 day S. japonicum         20 §·/§¸¡¿ 3 for 1 day Clonorchis sinenisis         25 §·/§¸¡¿ 3 for 1 day Opisthorchis viverrini         25 §·/§¸¡¿ 3 for 1 day Paragonimus westermani         25 §·/§¸¡¿ 3 for 2 days P. heterotremus         25 §·/§¸¡¿ 3 for 2 days stripe and Control methods:         No vaccine is available, but it is easy to keep open Schistosomiasis. Whenever in areas that are know for their Schistosomiasis, stay away from lakes, pools, rivers, and other water bodies that are probably infected. The government could control this problem by educating the population into using appropriate bathrooms and not going to the bathroom in the lakes, rivers, and other water bodies where people will use.
Resistance: Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â The microorganism is beginning to show resistance to medicine. This is wherefore it is imperative that the sickness is treated before there is no cure for it. The following is a diagram of how the resistance of the worm has developed.
Bibliography Jensen, Wright, Robinson, Microbiology for the Health Sciences, New Jersey: Prentice Hall Inc, 1997 www.biosci.ohio-state.edu/.../ schistosoma_lifecycle.html. Ohio aver University Science department. 14-Nov-2002 http://www.who.int/ctd/schisto/disease.htm. World Health Organization. 14-Nov-2002 http://www.dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx/hypertext markup language/DiagnosticProcedures.htm. CDC Image library. 14-Nov-2002 Tanja Stchub, Worm takes cues from host immune system. science laboratory Animal Magazine. January 2002: pg. 14
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