Continental Drift is the principle that the continent landmasses nourish not remained in fixed positions, but have inspired around the earths pop out apparently independently. It is important in evolution because of the effects it has had on evolution and taxonomic multifariousness, brought about by the collision and contemptible apart of landmasses. The bodgeing apart of land masses brings about vicariance, where organisms are split up by the development of barriers, insulate descendent populations which then evolve to form new taxa.
Pre-continental drift theory, it was believed that species originated in a particular area, and spread out from in that location to colonise new habitats. However, it was noted that on a ecumenic scale some taxa had obvious close relatives in regions that were geographically widely separated with natural barriers i.e.; oceans, deserts or fold chains. Therefore, continental drift theory was able to explain many previously unanswered questions. An example of this is Nothofagus. Nothofagus is restricted to the southerly hemisphere, and is widely dispersed geographically. Although there are significant structural differences between the species of Nothofagus, they all have seeds seemingly poorly neutered for long range dispersal, and are also intolerant of density in salt water. Continental drift reconstruction recognises that the Confederate continents were once united as a single wide continental land mass called Gondwanaland, and this lends weight to the vicariance hypothesis. Further present comes from fossil record, where remains of pollen grains of Northofagus have been found in regions impertinent the present range of any living species, namely Antarctica, western sandwich Australia and Patagonia.
This also confirms that the climate of Antarctica in Cretaceous times was in truth different from today. Landmasses undergo major changes of climate as they move across different latitudes. This affects evolutionary processes in that greater species diversity accumulates under tropical climatic conditions. Another effect that continental...
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